Hiljuti nägin YouTube’is ühte videot, milles väideti nagu oleks soome- ja eesti keeled pigem erinevad, kui sarnased. Kuna tegemist oli üsna suure YouTube’i kanaliga oli vastukaja sellele üsna negatiivne nii eestlaste, soomlaste kui ka teiste poolt, kes mõistavad meie keeli. Sellest sündis mul idee hakata erinevates valdkondades meie keelte sõnu võrdlema. Loomulikult on eesti- ja soome keeles mõned grammatilised ja sõnavaralised erinevused, muidu ei oleks need ju eraldi keeled, kuid leian siiski, et mõlema keele sarnasus üksteisele on suurem kui ühegi teise elava keelega. Otsustasin alustada perekonna ja suguvõsa tähistavate sõnadega. Põhi asjad, mida tuleks meeles pidada on see, et soome k,p,t häälduvad eesti keeles g,b,d ning soome y ja eesti ü on täpselt sama täht, eesti keeles kasutatakse lihtsalt selle tähe saksa- ja rootsi varianti. Eesti keeles olevat õ tähte pole soome keeles, selle asemel kasutatakse o, e või a tähte (näiteks, eesti keeles on sõna tõde, soome keeles totta).
Mis teemaga seotud sõnu võiksin võrrelda järgmisel korral?
I recently saw a video on YouTube that claimed that Finnish and Estonian languages were different rather than similar. Video had many comments as it was a rather large YouTube channel, but the response to it was quite negative by Estonians, Finns and others who understand our languages. This gave me the idea to start comparing the words of our languages. Of course, there are some grammatical and vocabulary differences in Estonian and Finnish, otherwise they would not be separate languages, but I find that the similarity of both languages to each other is greater than with any other living languages. I decided to start with words that describe family. The basics that must be remembered are that Finnish letters k, p, t are pronounced g, b, d in Estonian and also that Finnish letter y and Estonian letter ü are pronounced exactly the same, Estonian just uses this letter’s German and Swedish variant. There is no õ letter in Finnish and o, e or a is usually used instead of õ (example: word truth in Estonian is tõde, and in Finnish totta).
What words should I compare next time?
EESTI KEEL / ESTONIAN | SUOMEN KIELI / FINNISH |
PERE family Comes from Proto-Finnic word pära/perä which has many meanings including rear, base and remains. | PERHE family Comes from Proto-Finnic word pära/perä which has many meanings including rear, base and remains. |
EMA mother Comes from Proto-Uralic word emis which directly means animal mother, especially pig, in Estonian. Children usually call their mother emme instead of more formal ema. | ÄITI mother Probably of Proto-Finnic origin, similar word äitse means flower in Southern Estonian dialect. Finnish also has the word emä but it usually means animal mother and sometimes human mother in poetry. |
ISA father Probably comes from Proto-Uralic. Children usually use issi instead of more formal isa. | ISÄ father Probably comes from Proto-Uralic. |
LAPS child Comes from either Proto-Finnic or Proto-Uralic strain. | LAPSI child Comes from either Proto-Finnic or Proto-Uralic strain. |
ÕDE sister Probably comes from Southern Estonian dialect and is an abbreviation of the words sõsar and sõtse which both mean sister. Sisar most probably used to be the Northern Estonian dialect version of sister before and is still used in poetry. | SISKO sister Might be of Proto-Baltic origin (sesor, sesuo). Sisko and sisar are both used in Finnish and both mean the same thing - sister. |
VEND brother Most probably comes from Proto-Germanic (swelijō) although some experts believe it’s of Finno-Ugric origin. The older word of vend is veli in Estonian. | VELI brother Most probably comes from Proto-Germanic (swelijō) although some experts believe it’s of Finno-Ugric origin. |
VANAEMA grandmother Literal meaning: old mother. The word vana comes most probably from Proto-Finnic. For mother see from above. Old is vanha in Finnish so it is very similar to the Estonian word. | ISOÄITI grandmother Literal meaning: big mother. The word iso is one of the words for big in Finnish. It is most probably from Proto-Finnic (in Estonian isu means appetite). Another word for big is suuri which is very similar in Estonian, suur, and comes most probably from Proto-Germanic (stūra). |
VANAISA grandfather Literal meaning: old father. See more from the last word vanaema and isa. | ISOISÄ grandfather Literal meaning: big father. See more from the last word isoäiti and isä. |
TÄDI aunt Most probably from Proto-Finnic. Children often call older women tädi even if they are not related. | TÄTI aunt Most probably from Proto-Finnic. Children often use täti if they speak about women in general. |
ONU uncle Might come from Proto-Finno-Ugric (enam) but might also come from Germanic languages (German onkel). Children often call older men onu even if they are not related. | SETÄ uncle Probably comes from Proto-Finnic. The word eno means mother’s brother in Finnish which is similar to Estonian universal word onu. |
SUGUPUU family tree The word sugu (this word has many meanings in Estonian including gender) might come from Proto-Indo-European (su-H, sū́te) which means to birth. The word puu probably comes from Proto-Ugric and means tree. | SUKUPUU family tree The word suku (this word has many meanings in Finnish including gender) might come from Proto-Indo-European (su-H, sū́te) which means to birth. The word puu probably comes from Proto-Ugric and means tree. |
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